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                <text>Capital structure and its impact on firm performance is a key issue in finance, and there are a number of theories and empirical papers that explain this relationship. Using secondary data from listed companies that have traded on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) from 2016 to 2020, the study specifically examines the effect of short-term debt, long-term debt, and total debts on the operational efficiency of listed non-financial companies in Ghana. The study shows that a firm's return on assets decreases as its amount of debt accumulation rises. Also, some firm-specific variables have small but significant impacts on enterprises' profitability. The study recommends that, to ensure that there is adequate cash available for the company's ongoing operations, corporate finance managers should ensure working capital is managed properly and responsibly. Also, in the extreme case where a short-term borrower facility is unavoidably required and must be acquired, the study advises administrators to make sure that the total amount of short-term obligations taken on as a percentage of the capital structure is less than the sum of non-current liabilities and equity in total assets.</text>
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                <text>This research explored the factors which influence investment decision of workers of Ghana Ports and Harbour Authority, Takoradi using a quantitative research approach, with descriptive survey as the design. The population of study comprised both permanent and contract staff of the organization. A total of 254 employees were selected using random sample method, with 61.4% response rate and a set of questionnaire as the research instrument. Frequencies and percentages were relied upon for analyzing the obtained data. The study revealed that investment sales agents, TV/Newspapers, family members’ referrals, social media as well as the Books/Magazine were the main sources of investment information to workers of GPHA. Again, insurance policy is the commonest investment product workers relied upon. Also, safety, risk and returns, liquidity, and diversification factors were the main factors influencing investment decision of workers of GPHA. It is recommended that the Central Bank of Ghana should develop clear measures to protect the premium of investors. Again, the Management of GPHA should periodically organize sensitization and public education programs for its employees on investment decisions in order to increase the level of knowledge of staff members of organization in terms of investment.</text>
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                <text>This study investigated the challenges that learners of English and French encountered during their participation in online language learning in a university in Ghana. The study adopted a quantitative survey approach by administering online questionnaire to undergraduate students at the university and analysing the data using descriptive statistics.150 students participated in the study. The results indicate that majority of the students generally feel that online language learning is bedeviled with a lot of challenges, notably technology availability, accessibility, and affordability, as well as the lack of capacity on the part of language instructors to effectively deliver in their online teaching activities. The study further discusses students' opinions and experiences with the objective of determining the prospects of online language learning within the Ghanaian tertiary education context. Based on the findings, some pragmatic pedagogical measures like migrating teaching and</text>
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                <text>Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies. Hacettepe Universitesi, Egitim Fakultesi B Blok, Yabanci Diller Egitimi Bolumu, Ingiliz Dili Egitimi Anabilim Dali, Ankara 06800, Turkey</text>
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                <text>Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) contribute immensely to the economy of every nation. Particularly, within the informal sector, MFIs constitute the pivot around which many financially disadvantaged individuals rely on in terms of access to finance for their businesses. MFIs play a tremendous role in the poverty reduction and employment creation agenda of many nations including Ghana. Notwithstanding the immense role MFIs play in the economies of nations, there is a wide recognition of the fact that the institutions can perform better if they are able to overcome the challenges they face in their operations. However, in order for MFIs to effectively tackle the challenges they encounter, it is important for them to first identify and appreciate these challenges and the threats they pose to the effectiveness of their operations. Within this context, this study sought to explore the challenges MFIs in Ghana face, with particular emphasis on those operating in Takoradi. The study was quantitative, with descriptive survey as the design. Managers and employees of MFIs located in the city licensed by the Bank of Ghana were involved in the study. Simple random sampling method was used to select 114 respondents for the study and questionnaire was relied upon for data collection. The researchers used frequencies, percentages, an independent samples t-test and ANOVA as tools for data analysis. The study observed that increased competition in the industry, low repayment rates, higher cost of information technology, low level knowledge of operators, inadequate and expensive infrastructure base, high capital requirements, unfavourable regulation and …</text>
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                <text>Financial inclusion, economic freedom and financial stability in sub‐Saharan Africa</text>
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                <text>Siaw Frimpong, Mawusi Ayisat Yusuf, Ebenezer Boateng, Kwadwo Ankomah, Mac Junior Abeka</text>
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                <text>Effects of Downsizing on Employee and Organizational Performance in Ghana&#13;
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                <text>Kwadwo Ankomah Isaiah Sikayena, Armstrong Amoah</text>
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                <text>Asymmetric relationships among financial sector development, corruption, foreign direct investment, and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa</text>
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                <text>K. Asafo-Adjei, E., Owusu Junior, P., Adam, A. M., Arthur, C. L., Boateng, E., &amp; Ankomah</text>
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                <text>Prior studies on the relationship between FDI and growth have generally concentrated on mean effects, or average growth benefits. It seems improbable that the majority of sub-Saharan economies will have similar “average” economic growth, hence the emphasis on mean effects in particular falls short. All other drivers can be seen to have an impact based on the uneven growth rates of these economies. The current study brings new evidence about the asymmetric relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth amidst financial sector development (FSD) and corruption covering a sample period of 2002 to 2020 for 48 sub-Saharan economies. For this reason, the instrumental variables panel quantile regression technique is employed to achieve the purpose of the study. The study finds that FDI inflows have a significant positive relationship with economic growth for economies with low …</text>
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                <text>Exploring the contributions of microfinance institutions to the ghanaian economy: a study at Takoradi</text>
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                <text>Daniel Odoom, Kennedy Oppong Fosu, Kwadwo Ankomah, Marian Birago Amofa</text>
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                <text>Micro-Finance Institutions (MFIs) play an important role in making services available to the financially excluded masses, especially the needy and the informal sector. MFIs do not only have a considerable influence in reducing poverty but also the ability to do that sustainably. These institutions predominantly are regarded to be critical tools for growth in battling poverty and over-reliance on central and local governments, in several developing nations including Ghana. In spite of the above, MFIs face a number of challenges in Ghana, with the news of collapse of some MFIs which has become a cause for concern to various stakeholders. This tends to create some doubts regarding the role MFIs play in the Ghanaian economy. Using Takoradi as a case, this study sought to examine the views of operators and employees of MFIs with regard to the contributions of the institutions to the economy of Ghana through descriptive survey design in a quantitative research approach. The researchers adopted the purposive and simple random sampling techniques in selecting 114 respondents for the study, with questionnaire as the research instrument. Analytical tools used for the study were frequencies, percentages and an independent sample t-test. The study revealed that in terms of their types based on client base, most microfinance institutions operating in the city targeted SME operators. Also, based on their services, MFIs in the city were grouped into individual lending, group lending, compulsory and voluntary savings, among others. Again, the study found that MFIs in Takoradi contribute variously to the local economy including provision of financial …</text>
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