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                <text>Matrix effects on flavour volatiles release in dark chocolates varying in particle size distribution and fat content using GC–mass spectrometry and GC–olfactometry</text>
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                <text>Influences of matrix particle size distribution (PSD) (18, 25, 35 and 50μm) and fat content (25%, 30% and 35%) on flavour release of dark chocolate volatiles were quantified by static headspace gas chromatography using GC–MS. Sixty-eight (68) flavour compounds were identified, comprising alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, furans, pyrans, pyrazines, pyridines, pyroles, phenols, pyrones and thiozoles. From GC–olfactometry, 2-methylpropanal, 2-methylbutanal and 3-methylbutanal had chocolate notes. With cocoa/roasted/nutty notes were trimethyl-, tetramethyl-, 2,3-dimethyl-, 2,5-dimethyl-, 3(or 2),5-dimethyl-2(or 3)-ethyl- and 3,5(or 6)-diethyl-2-methylpyrazine and furfuralpyrrole. Compounds with fruity/floral notes included 3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-ol and 5-ethenyltetrahydro-R,R,5-trimethyl-cis-2-furanmethanol. Caramel-like, sweet and honey notes were conferred by 2-phenylethanol, phenylacetaldehyde …</text>
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                <text>Ameyaw Samuel, Afua Frempong-Kore, Bitherman Benedicta Krampah Akoto</text>
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                <text>This study aimed to examine social media usage and its effects on students' academic performance. The study adopted a survey design approach. The population for this study consisted of undergraduate students from two universities, thus, one private university (Valley View University–VVU) in Techiman in the Bono Region and one public university (Ghana Communications Technology University) in Takoradi, in the Western Region. The study used 5% of the population to arrive at a sample size of 381. The stratified and simple random sampling techniques were applied to select the students. A well–structured questionnaire was used as a data collection instrument. The study established that social media had negatively affected their English writing skills, which is detrimental to their academic performance. The results showed that most students visited social media platforms daily and spent more time on these platforms. The study identified challenges like; lack of personal security and privacy, poor internet services, unreliable power, the cost of internet connectivity, and many others. The study made recommendations to the management of both universities to organise workshops and seminars and educate students on the dangers of excessive use of social media platforms.</text>
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                <text>The Future of Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Drivers of Livelihoods in Southern Africa: A Synthesis</text>
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                <text>The quality of lives humans will live in the future depends on the rigour of the training experts provide today’s future entrepreneurs to identify societal challenges and innovatively design solutions to address these challenges to create jobs, reduce poverty and contribute to economic development. Though findings from previous scholars show that teaching entrepreneurship from causation logic perspective (which mainly focuses on planning, control, and rational analysis to get to a predefined outcome) does not encourage creativity and innovative thinking and discourages most students from starting a business venture, most institutions and entrepreneurship educators still follow the causation logic. Since entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education are context-specific and context-informed, we argue that teaching entrepreneurship with a focus on contextual innovation as well as technological innovation will better prepare future entrepreneurs to take up the challenge of creating meaningful ventures to solve societal problems, create jobs, and alleviate poverty. This position coheres with the effectuation logic which suggest that entrepreneurs need to rely on combinatorial resources that are readily available at hand and co-create opportunities rather than predefining goals in highly uncertain environments. As entrepreneurship is an inexorably complex process that lacks linearity, entrepreneurship education should target the entrepreneurial and venture founding processes that entrepreneurs go through to create successful ventures, which follow the effectuation logic rather than teaching about the various aspects of the business.&#13;
&#13;
Thus, utilising design thinking and a methodical approach, that focuses on the entrepreneurial process, highlighting the role of innovative skills and creative mindsets will enable entrepreneurship educators to be student-centred and produce entrepreneurs that are prepared for the future rather than merely educating students “about” the various aspect of a business such as marketing, human resources and accounting. We build on this argument by showcasing exemplars of how innovation exploits and technological affordances are being exploited to demonstrate how the application of entrepreneurship education is materialising in ways that generate value creating and value enhancing ventures at the bottom of the pyramid in resource constrained emerging economies in Southern Africa.</text>
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                <text>https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-55935-8_8</text>
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                <text>Chemical composition and physical quality characteristics of Ghanaian cocoa beans as affected by pulp pre-conditioning and fermentation</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Jennifer Quao, Jemmy Takrama, Agnes Simpson Budu, Firibu Kwesi Saalia</text>
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                <text>Investigations were conducted to evaluate the effects of pod storage (as a means of pulp preconditioning) and fermentation on the chemical composition and physical characteristics of Ghanaian cocoa beans. A 4× 2 full factorial design with factors as pod storage (0, 7, 14, 21 days) and cocoa treatment (fermented and unfermented) were conducted. Samples were analyzed for their chemical composition (moisture, crude fat, crude protein, ash and carbohydrate content) and mineral content using standard analytical methods. The physical qualities of the beans were analyzed for their proportions of cocoa nibs, shells and germ. Fermentation and increasing pod storage resulted in significant (P&lt; 0.05) decreases in ash (3.48–2.92%), protein (21.63–17.62%) and fat (55.21–50.40%) content of the beans while carbohydrate content increased from 15.47% to 24.93% with both treatments. As well, increasing pod storage ...</text>
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                <text>The Role of Donation on the Collection Development In Ghana Communication technology University Library</text>
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                <text>The study was conducted to ascertain the trends of donations to Ghana Communication Technology University library, Accra Campus. It was also to establish how donations have impacted the collection development of the library as well as service delivery. Study participants comprised of one (1) Head Librarian and four (4) assistant librarians. The face-to-face interview method was employed as a data collection instrument for this study–content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings indicated that even though there was a collection development policy to regulate acquisitions, the policy was not of much use due to the economic situation in the country and low budget allocation to the library. Findings also revealed that the University library hardly receives donations. Findings again indicated that this library lacks adequate resources to serve its clients. It was recommended that librarians of GCTU should be proactive in soliciting for donations from alumni, corporate bodies, international organizations and philanthropic organizations to supplement purchases for better service delivery to users. It was also recommended that management of the GCTU library should lobby for adequate funds to purchase needed resources.</text>
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                <text>African Universities are making an effort to offer values and enhance the human resources and development of the continent. Also, there are growing demands for higher education places on the continent. This paper offers a theoretical insight into the value delivery systems of the Universities and the factors influencing choice. The chapter is theoretically positioned to recognise the co-creation of value between the University and prospective students. This chapter extends theoretical knowledge on value creation, student choice and marketing of higher education. Implications for managers with regards to the value audit, communication and engagement are also presented.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10358">
                <text>https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-39379-3_2</text>
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                <text>Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10348">
                <text>Re-imagining Educational Futures in Developing Countries</text>
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                <text> Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10350">
                <text>This book explores the challenges and precarity of higher education post-pandemic, explicitly focusing on higher education in emerging countries. Looking beyond the pandemic, the editors and contributors provide a holistic view of the residual legacies of global health crises like COVID-19 in developing countries. The book calls for the need to reimagine, reevaluate and reposition the higher education system: exploring the challenges experienced by students, staff, administrators and other stakeholders. Bringing forth insights from researchers, practitioners and senior leadership, the book shares theoretical and practical insights on dealing with the aftermath of a pandemic and what can be learned for the future. It will be of interest and value to researchers, practitioners and leaders who wish to understand a develop new approaches for their teaching and management post-pandemic.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10351">
                <text>Lessons from Global Health Crises</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10353">
                <text>https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-88234-1</text>
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                  <text>Information Science</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN GHANA COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10342">
                <text>Benedicta Krampah Akoto Bitherman, Afua Frempong-Kore</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study was designed to identify the impact of social media usage on academic performance of undergraduate students of Ghana Communication Technology University (GCTU), Accra. The survey method was adopted for this study. The objectives of this study were to find out the purpose of visit to these social media platforms, to analyse the average time spent on these platforms, to discover the effects of these platforms on the academic performance of students and to examine related problems in the usage of the platforms. 800 students were selected as sample for the study. Random sampling technique was employed for sample selection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20) was used to analyze the data. From the findings, it was concluded that despite public views concerning the misuse of social media among the youth, most of the students were interested to use social media positively for their academic purposes. The study recommended that counselling programs must be designed for students to understand themselves and manage their study time to avoid social media misuse.</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10344">
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2021</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10346">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=cAvky24AAAAJ&amp;amp;citation_for_view=cAvky24AAAAJ:Se3iqnhoufwC</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>&#13;
Effects of particle size distribution and composition on rheological properties of dark chocolate</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Alistair Paterson, Mark Fowler</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10336">
                <text>Control of chocolate viscosity is vital to its quality and production cost, and directly influenced by solids particle size distribution (PSD) and composition. Effects of PSD and composition on rheological properties of molten dark chocolate were investigated by varying PSD [D90 (90% finer than this size) of 18, 25, 35 and 50 μm], fat 25, 30 and 35% and lecithin (0.3 and 0.5%) using a shear rate-controlled rheometer. PSD, fat and lecithin content significantly affected all rheological parameters, with significant interaction among factors. Increasing particles size gave significant reductions in Casson plastic viscosity, Casson yield value, yield stress, apparent viscosity and thixotropy, with greatest effect with 25% fat and 0.3% lecithin, which reduced with increasing fat and lecithin contents. Statistical analysis revealed that fat exerts the greatest effect on the variability in all the rheological properties followed by PSD …</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10337">
                <text>Springer-Verlag</text>
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                <text>2008</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10339">
                <text>https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00217-007-0652-6</text>
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                  <text>Information Science</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10327">
                <text>Resource Acquisition and the Role of Collection Development Policy in the Development of Ghana Communication Technology University Library Collection.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10328">
                <text>Benedicta Krampah Akoto Bitherman, Afua Frempong-Kore</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The study was carried out to ascertain the significance of collection development policy in some public academic libraries in Ghana with Ghana Communication Technology University as the case study. The study adopted a case study design and used a qualitative method in its examinations. A self-designed interview schedule was used to solicit information from the staff library. The study participants included the head librarian, deputy librarian and four (4) assistant librarians. The face-to-face interview method was used as a data collection instrument for this study-content analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings indicated that the university library has a CDP which is reviewed biennially. However, further findings revealed that even though CDPs exist in the library it does not feature much when it comes to acquisitions. It was recommended that management of the library should make a conscious effort to …</text>
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                <text>Library Philosophy &amp; Practice</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2022</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10332">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=cAvky24AAAAJ&amp;amp;citation_for_view=cAvky24AAAAJ:ufrVoPGSRksC</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="10333">
                <text>English</text>
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