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                <text>Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Ghana</text>
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                <text>Maureen Enyonam Akos Lumos, Emmanuel Attah Kumah Amponsah, Edward Asumadu, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong, Michael Nana Owusu-Akomeah</text>
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                <text>The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in Ghana, by examining the effect of FDI flow, FDI stock and FDI per capita on economic growth. The study adopted the quantitative and descriptive research design to analyse annual time series data on the dependent and independent variables spanning twenty-seven (27) years from 1996 to 2022. The ordinary least square and seemingly unrelated regression techniques were used for data analysis. The study revealed that FDI flow, FDI stock and FDI per capita had a statistically significant positive effect on per capita economic growth. The study thus recommended that the government of Ghana should intensify its efforts to carefully develop and implement progressive and attractive policies that can induce more investment from foreign multinationals, thereby increasing the stock of external capital inflows that can be channelled into the most value generating sectors of the country to eliminate production inefficiencies and boost domestic output that can increase economic growth. Additionally, the government of Ghana through the appropriate agencies can improve the enforcement of its regulatory policies to ensure that multinational firms and the general activities of foreign investors consistently provide fair and commensurate wages to Ghanaian workers, in order to promote the beneficial effects that FDI has on reducing income inequality in Ghana. MNCs must therefore provide the same value of remuneration for the same level of skills-quality and demand that workers in other economies would receive. This will eliminate wage …</text>
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                <text>Sustainable Futures</text>
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                <text>Mohammed Musah, Isaac Ahakwa, Simplice A Asongu, Michael Owusu-Akomeah, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong</text>
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                <text>This study examines the role of environmental taxes and environmentally-related technologies in the link between natural resources and load capacity factor in G10 nations over the period 1994 to 2019. Using robust econometric techniques, the study reveals that natural resources damage environmental quality by mitigating the nations’ load capacity factor while environmental taxes and environmentally-related technologies promote sustainable environment by increasing load capacity factor. The relevance of environmental taxes and environmentally-related technologies in moderating the effect of natural resources on environmental quality is dampened by extant average levels of natural resources rents which are negative. Policy implications are discussed.</text>
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                <text>Constraints for future cocoa production in Ghana</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>John Edem Kongor, Hans De Steur, Davy Van de Walle, Xavier Gellynck, Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Pascal Boeckx, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>To address the growing global demand for cocoa, sustainable intensification of its production in West Africa is considered crucial. This paper analyzes the determinants of cocoa productivity and profitability by smallholder farmers in Ghana to provide insights into challenges for future cocoa farming, which will guide the formulation and prioritization of tailored policies to address them. A four-stage sampling technique was used to select a total of 731 cocoa farmers from various districts in all six cocoa growing regions in Ghana. Selected farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results show that cocoa productivity and profitability was very low with an average of 234 kg ha−1 and Gh¢ 568 (ca. US$ 150) per ha, respectively. Farm management practices, namely control of capsid and black pod disease, fertilizer application and pruning, significantly (p &lt; 0.05) influenced cocoa …</text>
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                <text>Springer Netherlands</text>
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                <text>2018</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:E10ZYwHxBI8C</text>
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                <text>A Study on the Use of Primolut-N Tablet as a Contraceptive in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana</text>
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                <text>Henry S Opare Addo, Patrick K Britwum, George AO Ampong</text>
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                <text>Objective: This study investigated into the use of Primolut-N tablet which contains norethisterone (5 mg), popularly called'N-tablet'by users, as a pre-coital contraceptive by women in the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana.&#13;
Methods: Clients who called at any of the Twenty (20) selected Pharmacies in residential areas within the Kumasi metropolis demanding the drug, with or without valid prescriptions were interviewed using a structured proforma.&#13;
Results: Of the two hundred and twenty (220) users interviewed 94% demanded the drug for contraception and 6% for menstrual disorders. Sixty one percent of those demanding it for contraception were between the ages 20-25 years. Respondents preferred the use of norethisterone</text>
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                <text>Tropical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology</text>
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                <text>2008</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=NogL9W0AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=NogL9W0AAAAJ:Tyk-4Ss8FVUC</text>
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                <text>Bridging the Child Right gap in a refugee context: survival strategies and impact on inter-generational relations.</text>
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                <text>K Hampshire, G Porter, K Kilpatrick, P Kyei, M Adjaloo, G Oppong</text>
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                <text>Bridging the Child Right gap in a refugee context: survival strategies and impact on inter-generational relations. Skip to main content Durham Research Online (DRO) Home Research Outputs People Faculties and Departments Research Areas Research Centres/Groups Advanced Materials and Electronic Devices Advanced Research Computing (ARC) Aesthetics, Ethics and Politics Algorithms and Complexity in Durham (ACiD) Artificial Intelligence and Human Systems (AIHS) Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution Research Centre (BEER) Biophysical Sciences Institute (BSI) Catchments and Rivers Centre for Advanced Instrumentation Centre for Banking Institutions and Development Centre for Chinese Law and Policy Centre for Consumers and Sustainable Consumption Centre for Contemporary Chinese Studies Centre for Criminal Law and Criminal Justice Centre for Culture and Ecology Centre for Death and Life …</text>
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                <text>2011</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=NogL9W0AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=NogL9W0AAAAJ:mB3voiENLucC</text>
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                <text>Influence of enzymatically produced sunflower oil based cocoa butter equivalents on the phase behavior of cocoa butter and quality of dark chocolate</text>
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                <text>Sheida Kadivar, Nathalie De Clercq, Mansura Mokbul, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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                <text>The two enzymatically produced sunflower oil based cocoa butter equivalents (CBEs) were blended with cocoa butter (CB) at varying concentrations (g/100 g). The peak maximum decreased significantly upon the addition more CBE due to the presence of the low-melting TAGs. However, the melting heat and the melting onset temperature were comparable to CB up to 25 g CBE/100 g blend. The iso-solid diagram showed monotectic behavior with softening effect proportional to CBE increase. A significant decrease in SFC was observed at all temperatures for the blends in which the CBE ratio was above 25 g/100 g blend. The second part of this study was set out to determine the performance of CBE replacement in chocolates and compounds at 20 °C. All the chocolates and compounds even in the level of 5 g CBE/100 g blend had significantly lower Casson yield stress than reference chocolate. However, the …</text>
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                <text>Academic Press</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;pagesize=80&amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:5uu-MYFt2EcC</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Faculty of IT Business</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>ASSESSMENT OF RISK AND CHALLENGES OF DEBT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN ORGANISATIONS</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Kofi Mintah Oware, Solomon Samanhyia, George Oppong Appiagyei Ampong</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Account receivables have been a major problem for most utility service providers especially those still dealing with the post payment method where services are rendered before payment is made. This study assessed risk and debt management practices using Ghana Water Company Ltd (GWCL) as a case study. Both primary data and secondary data were used. Ratio analysis was main data analytical procedure. The study found account receivables to be fluctuating from 2010 to 2014 whereas revenue collected falls short of account receivables over the same period. The account receivable to current asset ratio indicated the existence of poor management of account receivables. Improper risk management of accounts receivables led to the inability of GWCL to initiate maintenance and expansion projects. The weakness of the law, ineffective and inefficient management of accounts receivables and poor investment in the collection of account receivable were some of the factors identified as the causes of poor</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11047">
                <text>IJECM</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11049">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=NogL9W0AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=NogL9W0AAAAJ:kNdYIx-mwKoC</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11050">
                <text>English</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10235">
                  <text>Food Science </text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11038">
                <text>Changes in biochemical and physico-chemical qualities during drying of pulp preconditioned and fermented cocoa (Theobroma cacao) beans</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11039">
                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Agnes Simpson Budu, Henry Mensah-Brown, Jemmy Felix</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This study investigated the effects of post-harvest pod storage as a means of pulp preconditioning on the souring production, flavour precursors development and free fatty acids during drying of fermented Ghanaian cocoa beans. A 4 x 4 full factorial experiment was conducted with pod storage (0, 7, 14, 21 days) and drying times (0, 2, 4 and 6 days) as the principal factors. The souring/acidification indices (pH and titratable acidity), total sugar, total nitrogen and free fatty acids (FFA) were studied using standard analytical methods. The results showed that titratable acidity, total sugars and total nitrogen in cocoa beans decreased during drying and with increasing pod storage durations probably due to their participation in Maillard nonenzymatic reactions to form flavour volatiles and colour pigments as Amadori intermediates. By contrast, FFAs and pH increased during drying and with increasing pod storage durations. Pod storage for up to 7 days followed by 6 days of fermentation and drying respectively produced beans with acceptable FFA values below 1.75% whilst enhancing the flavour precursors development and reductions in nib acidity. However, these observed changes were more dependent on pod storage than on drying.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11041">
                <text>2014</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11042">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:BqipwSGYUEgC</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11043">
                <text>English</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10235">
                  <text>Food Science </text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11031">
                <text>Cocoa and chocolate consumption–Are there aphrodisiac and other benefits for human health?</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11032">
                <text>EO Afoakwa</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Cocoa and chocolate have been acclaimed for several years for their possible medicinal and health benefits. It is only recently, however, that some of these claims have been more clearly identified and studied. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies, for example, have shown that dietary supplementation with flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate may exert a protective effect on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, which has been associated with a reduced risk of developing atherosclerosis. Some of the identified benefits of flavonoid-rich cocoa and chocolate include antioxidant properties, reduced blood pressure via the induction of nitric-oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation in men, improved endothelial function, increased insulin sensitivity, decreased platelet activation and function, as well as modulated immune function and inflammation. Furthermore, chocolate has been reported to release …</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11034">
                <text>Taylor &amp; Francis</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11035">
                <text>2008</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11036">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:kNdYIx-mwKoC</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11037">
                <text>English</text>
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  <item itemId="1798" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="10235">
                  <text>Food Science </text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11025">
                <text>Phytosterols-induced viscoelasticity of oleogels prepared by using monoglycerides</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11026">
                <text>Mohd Dona Bin Sintang, Sabine Danthine, Allison Brown, Davy Van de Walle, Ashok R Patel, Iris Tavernier, Tom Rimaux, Koen Dewettinck</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11027">
                <text>Monoglycerides (MGs) and phytosterols (PS) are known to form firm oleogels with liquid oil. However, the oleogels are prone to undergo polymorphic transition over time that lead to crystals' aggregation thus, compromises physical properties. Thus, we combined MGs with PS to control the crystallization and modify the morphology of the combination oleogels, as both components are reported to interact together. The oleogels were prepared at different ratio combinations and characterized in their rheological, thermal, morphology, and diffraction properties. The results showed that the 8:2 MGP:PS exhibited higher storage modulus (G′) than the MGP mono-component. The combination oleogels exhibited effects on the crystallization and polymorphic transition. Consequently, the effects led to change in the morphology of the combination oleogels which was visualized using optical and electron microscope. The …</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11028">
                <text>Elsevier</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="11029">
                <text>2017</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="11030">
                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:5kvG9DmRKWYC</text>
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