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                <text>Logistic Regression Model for Determining the Sex of a Child Using Age of the Mother and Month of Conception</text>
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                <text>Ben Apau-Dadson, Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Martin Owusu Amoamah, Joseph Dadzie</text>
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                <text>The issue of sex determination (before conception) is beyond the study of Science. Though current studies have developed means to determine gender, it is not until the baby has been conceived. After conception, scientific methods can be used to determine whether the baby will be a boy or a girl. This study seeks to use the age of the mother and the month in which she conceives to predict the gender of the baby, using appropriate statistical methods. The data used for this study was extracted from the delivery books of the Maternity Department of Achimota Hospital in the Amasaman District of Greater Accra Region in Ghana from 2000-2004. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data since the dependent variable has only two possible values (Male or Female). The results reveal that the odds of estimating correctly the gender of a baby improves by only 0.4% if one knows the age of the mother and by 1.1% if one knows the month within which the child was conceived.</text>
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                <text>Discriminant Analysis of Discrimination against People with Disability</text>
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                <text>Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Joseph Dadzie, Ben Apau-Dadson</text>
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                <text>Negative stereotypes about physically challenged people result in discriminatory social policies which in turn reinforce or confirm negative attitudes that greatly affects them as they strive to function in the society, these problems create some difficulties as the physically challenged persons strives to effectively play active role in various sectors of the society. The main objective of this study was to identify the category of people who perpetuate discriminatory practices against physically challenged people in Tamale metropolis of Ghana. Questionnaires and interview guide were used to collect data for the study. Discriminant analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was then performed on the collected data. The results revealed that" survey respondents who had discriminated either consciously or unconsciously against people with disabilities were more likely to be less than 40 years in terms of age, male in terms of sex, educated with regards to formal education, and working in the formal sector in terms of occupation than survey respondents who had never discriminated against people with disabilities."</text>
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                  <text>Food Science </text>
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                <text>Varietal diversity and processing effects on the biochemical composition, cyanogenic glucoside potential (HCNp) and appearance of cassava flours from South-Eastern African region</text>
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                <text>L Chiwona-Karltun, EO Afoakwa, D Nyirenda, CN Mwansa, JE Kongor, L Brimer</text>
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                <text>Changes in biochemical quality and cyanogenic safety in flours from different cassava varieties grown within the South-eastern African region as influenced by processing technique were investigated. Two local (Mweulu and Tanganyika) and four improved Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD)-tolerant cassava varieties (Chila A, Chila B, Bangweulu and Kampolombo) were processed using different processing techniques (chipping, grating and soaking). Flours obtained from these products were studied for changes in their starch content, total, reducing and non-reducing sugars, colour and cyanogenic potential (HCNp) using standard analytical methods. The results showed that the different processing techniques had only minimal but significant (p&lt;0.05) effects on the starch and sugar content of the different cassava varieties. Flour made from chips from all six cassava varieties had relatively high cyanogenic potentials with values ranging between 30.1 mg HCN/kg in Chila A to 64.3 mg HCN/kg in Bangweulu. Grating and soaking of the roots, however resulted in drastic reductions in the levels of the cyanogenic glucosides in all the varieties. The high HCNp levels in the chips from Chila A and Bangweulu were reduced to 16.2 and 13.5 mg HCN/kg by the grating and soaking treatments respectively. Similar reductions in HCNp levels were noted for all the other varieties. Likewise, grating and soaking also caused significant (p&lt;0.05) increase in the L*-values of the cassava flours compared to the cassava chip flours. Soaked Kampolombo had the highest L*-value of 78.40 suggesting that the soaked Kampolombo cassava sample was whiter than the …</text>
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                <text>Faculty of Food Science &amp; Technology, UPM</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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                <text>Item Response Theory Model for Understanding Item Non-Response in Ghanaian Surveys</text>
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                <text>Iddrisu Wahab Abdul, Nana Kena Frempong, Martin Owusu Amoamah</text>
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                <text>This paper explores four Item Response Theory (IRT) models to determine the most appropriate for understanding item non-response. The selected IRT model was used to identify among five categories of survey questions, the most difficult to answer by respondents and determine the underlying mechanism behind missing data which is defined to include ‘don’t know’answers. A questionnaire data on Ghana collected in the fifth wave of the World Values Survey was implored. All items were dichotomously scored. Missing or ‘don’t know’responses were assigned a 0 score whiles answered items were assigned a 1 score. The four IRT models that were explored included both the constrained and unconstrained versions of the Rasch model, the two parameter logistic model (2-PLM), and the three parameter logistic model (3-PLM). The unconstrained Rasch model emerged as the most appropriate model for understanding item non-response. It was observed that, income related questions had the highest difficulty parameter, hence the most difficult category of survey questions to answer. It was also found that, if an individual does not answer a survey question or give a ‘don’t know’answer, it is not only due to the question’s difficulty but also because the respondent doesn’t want to answer.</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=ECTxVnYAAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=20&amp;amp;pagesize=80&amp;amp;citation_for_view=ECTxVnYAAAAJ:Se3iqnhoufwC</text>
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                <text>Using Item Response Theory to Understand Item-Nonresponse (Missing Data) in Ghanaian Surveys</text>
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                <text>Wahab Abdul Iddrisu</text>
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                <text>After reviewing the theoretical and empirical literature on Item Response Theory (IRT) and Item-non response, this study investigates three issues: Firstly, to identify the most appropriate IRT model for understanding item-non response...</text>
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                <text>World cocoa production, processing and chocolate consumption pattern</text>
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                <text>EO Afoakwa</text>
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                <text>Wiley</text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=100&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:EcS_2O1c4Q0C</text>
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                <text>Survey research has been widely used in public opinion research in Ghana. Ghanaian researchers are happy about data richness and they are also concerned about data quality. In this paper Item Response Theory (IRT) has been used to identify the most appropriate IRT model for understanding item. The techniques are appropriate and practical. A questionnaire data on Ghana collected in the 5th wave of the World Values Survey was used for the analysis. The five categories of survey questions that are most difficult to answer by respondents were Life Related Questions, Value Related Questions, Political Related Questions, Income Related Questions and Democracy Related Questions. Missing or ‘don’t know’responses were assigned a 0 score, and 1 was assigned to answered items. The data was analysed based on four IRT models namely, the constrained Rasch model, the unconstrained Rasch model, the two parameter logistic model, and the three parameter logistic model. These models were explored to determine the most appropriate model for the data. In this paper, the unconstrained Rasch model emerged as the best model for understanding item non-response. We found that, income related questions had the highest difficulty parameter, hence the most difficult category of survey questions to answer. It was also found that, if an individual does not answer a survey question or give a ‘don’t know’answer, it is not only because of the question’s difficulty but also because the respondent doesn’t want to answer.</text>
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                <text>Effect of spontaneous fermentation and amylase-rich flour on the nutritive value, functional and viscoelastic properties of cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Ohene Afoakwa, Philip Roger Aidoo, Randy Adjonu</text>
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                <text>Studies were conducted to evaluate the combined effects of spontaneous fermentation and amylase-rich flours (ARF) on some nutritive value, functional and viscoelastic properties of cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize. A 2 × 3 × 3 factorial design, with fermentation medium, fermentation time and ARF level, was performed. The blends were fermented for the specific times and analysed for their titratable acidity, pH, water absorption capacity, viscoelastic properties, texture, protein and mineral content. Fermentation and ARF addition influenced titratable acidity, pH, water absorption, viscoelastic properties and texture of the cowpea-fortified nixtamalized maize. Addition of ARF decreased the viscoelastic properties, texture and pH of all the blends with a corresponding increase in acidity. Slight increases in protein and ash contents were noted with products fermented in coconut water, but ARF addition had only a …</text>
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                <text>https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;user=EZuX1N8AAAAJ&amp;amp;cstart=100&amp;amp;pagesize=100&amp;amp;citation_for_view=EZuX1N8AAAAJ:HDshCWvjkbEC</text>
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