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In recent years, Facial Emotional Recognition (FER) has garnered significant attention for its pivotal role across various applications, including human-computer interaction, healthcare, and sentiment analysis. This study is motivated by the need to…

This series welcomes proposals for original research projects that are either single or multi-authored or an edited collection from both established and emerging scholars working on any aspect of marketing theory and practice and provides an outlet…

It is difficult for many Rwandans to utilize climbing bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) mainly because of longer cooking time (2 hours) and the high consumption of basic fuel. Climbing beans also contain anti-nutritional factors such tannins,…

The road construction industry in Ghana is one of the largest job creators and is highly competitive. The high number of failures in road projects suggests the existence of an underlying critical success factor which have not been identified. This…

Fermentation and drying are critical to the development of flavour precursors that generate into distinctive chocolate flavour notes during industrial manufacture. These processes also lead to reduction in acidity and free fatty acids of nibs, which…

CHOCOLATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY This second edition provides information on recent advances in the science and technology of chocolate manufacture and the entire international cocoa industry. It provides detailed reviews of a wide range of topics,…

This book presents detailed explanations of technologies for sustainable production of high-quality and safe cocoa beans for the global confectionary industry. It describes up-to-date technologies and approaches to modern cocoa production practices,…

Cocoa is the fundamental ingredient in chocolate manufacture and is derived from the fruit of the cocoa tree. Variations in cocoa bean genotype exhibit distinct differences in flavor characteristics during subsequent processing of the beans into…

Melamine-an industrial chemical-was recently found in infant formula in China but it has since spiralled to other food categories that use milk powder as an ingredient, such as chocolate, biscuits and eggs. As of September 21, 2008, a total of 52,857…