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A validated HPLC–FLD method for the determination of mycotoxin levels in sun dried fermented cocoa beans: Effect of cola nut extract and powder</text>
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                <text>This study investigated mycotoxin concentrations in fermented sun-dried cocoa beans as affected by cola nut powder and cola nut extract using a 2 × 4 full factorial experimental design with treatment type (cola nut powder; cola nut extract) and treatment levels (0 g/5 kg, 50 g/5 kg, 100 g/5 kg and 150 g/5 kg) as principal factors. Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and ochratoxin A (OTA) levels were studied using a validated HPLC – FLD analytical method. There was significant reduction in OTA (p &lt; 0.05) from 8.32 μg/kg to 2.85 μg/kg and 3.02 μg/kg, respectively for the 150 g/5 kg cola nut extract and powder concentrations. The limit of quantification (LOQ) for the instrument was estimated as 0.60 μg/kg, 0.50 μg/kg, 0.78 μg/kg, 1.09 μg/kg and 2.30 μg/kg for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and ochratoxin A, respectively. Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) levels for all treatments were below the limit of detection (LOD). The LOD was …</text>
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Advanced Topics in Intelligent Information and Database Systems</text>
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Kiyoaki Shirai</text>
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Announcement of my promotion to the rank of FULL PROFESSOR</text>
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Sincerely, I am grateful to you for the wonderful opportunity you gave me as a young academic to serve as Reviewer on your esteemed journal. Over the past decade, I have learnt a lot and derived great inspiration from you ever since I first met you October 2002 in Nairobi. Your dedication, commitment and professionalism have inspired me so much as a young and learning academic and these values have contributed tremendously to my success in academia. I really appreciate the opportunity to work with you and your team over the years.</text>
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Building Forum Network for Sustainable School Feeding Programmes</text>
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                <text>Proper nutrition is critical for optimal growth, cognitive development, general well-being and academic performance of children. Access to good nutrition either at home or through the educational system can contribute to the elimination of malnutrition and its associated health and developmental problems. In this regard, The 2005 UN World Summit recommended the expansion of local school feeding programmes, using home-grown foods where possible as one of the “Quick impact initiatives” to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, especially for rural areas facing the dual challenge of high chronic malnutrition and low agricultural productivity. Further to this, the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) Secretariat and UN Millennium Project Task Force on Hunger proposed that school feeding be linked with agricultural development through the purchase of locally/domestically produced food …</text>
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Cocoa fermentation: Chocolate flavour quality</text>
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Cocoa processing and chocolate technology</text>
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Cocoa Processing and Modern Chocolate Manufacturing Techniques.</text>
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                <text>Chocolate characters not only originate in flavor precursors present in cocoa beans, but are generated during post-harvest treatments and transformed into desirable odor notes in the manufacturing processes. Complex biochemical modifications of bean constituents are further altered by thermal reactions in roasting and conching and in alkalization. However, the extent to which the inherent bean constituents from the cocoa genotype, environmental factors, post-harvest treatment, and processing technologies influence chocolate flavor formation and relationships with final flavor quality, has not been clear. With increasing speciality niche products in chocolate confectionery, greater understanding of factors contributing to the variations in flavor character would have significant commercial implications. Keywords: Theobroma cacaogenetic origincocoa fermentationroastingconchingchocolate flavor</text>
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Cocoa production and processing technology</text>
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                <text>This book presents detailed explanations of technologies for sustainable production of high-quality and safe cocoa beans for the global confectionary industry. It describes up-to-date technologies and approaches to modern cocoa production practices, global production and consumption trends as well as principles of cocoa processing and chocolate manufacture. It covers the origin, history and taxonomy of cocoa, and examines the fairtrade and organic cocoa industries. The chapters provide in-depth coverage of cocoa cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest treatments, genotypic variations, fermentation techniques, drying, storage and transportation.</text>
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Computer and Information&#13;
Science</text>
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Effect of Cowpea Addition and Fermentation on the Biochemical and Sensory Characteristics during Co-Fermentation of Cassava (Manihote esculenta Crantz) and Cowpea (Vigna …</text>
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                <text>Processing cassava into gari enhances the palatability as well as the shelf life of the otherwise highly perishable fresh cassava roots. However, cassava has low protein content and hence fortifying it with cowpea would help improve its nutritive value. This study investigated the influence of cowpea addition and fermentation on the biochemical, chemical and sensory characteristics of cowpea-fortified gari. A 4 x 4 factorial experiment was conducted with fermentation time (0, 24, 48 72h) and cowpea concentration (0, 10, 20 and 30%) as variables. Samples were analyzed for their biochemical and sensory characteristics. Starch and reducing sugars decreased from 62.27% to 55.57% and 406 mg/g to 153.5 mg/g respectively, with cowpea fortification and fermentation time from 0% to 30% cowpea fortification after 72h. Amylose content increased from 9.8% to 40.9% with increasing levels of cowpea fortification but no significant difference with fermentation time. Protein content increased with cowpea fortification from 2.60% for the unfortified gari sample to 9.85% with the 30% cowpea fortification whilst fat content increased from 0.38% to 0.79%. Crude fiber however reduced from 3.15% to 2.35% with increasing level of cowpea fortification. The degree of lightness (L) decreased with consequential reduction yellowness (b*) with increase cowpea levels irrespective of the fermentation time. L-value decreased from 90.09 in the 0% cowpea gari to 74.65 with 30% cowpea fortification. The 10% cowpea fortified gari was the most preferred in terms of colour, taste, mouth-feel and overall acceptability. Cowpea fortified gari can contribute to food security in …</text>
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