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                <text>Theory and Cases, edited by George Babu and&#13;
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integration of digital technology into all areas of business and society fundamentally changes&#13;
the way businesses operate and deliver services to their consumers. Babu George is Associate&#13;
Professor of Management at Fort Hays State University, USA, while Justin Paul is Professor at&#13;
the Graduate School of Business, University of Puerto Rico, and member of Rollins College,&#13;
Florida, USA. Justin Paul is known widely for his introduction of the so-called Masstige model&#13;
and measures for brand management, the CPP Model for describing and comparing the&#13;
internationalization strategies along with the ‘7-Ps’ framework used in the study and practice&#13;
of international marketing.&#13;
The book reviewed here is a timely and significant publication for several reasons. Firstly,&#13;
we are living in an age of rapid digitalization. In the information and communication&#13;
technology (ICT) sector, there has indeed been a global revolution resulting in radical&#13;
changes in the way people communicate with each other. This revolution has had an&#13;
enormous impact on the way international business is conducted. In the space of 50 years,&#13;
the digital world has grown to become crucial to the functioning of society. To illustrate,&#13;
a recent study reports that 95% of young American adults own a cell phone and 97% of&#13;
these cell owners use text messaging. Furthermore, 90% of young adults use social networking sites (Abatayo, Lynham, and Sherstyuk, 2017). Secondly, we can observe both positive&#13;
and negative aspects of societal digitization: we can note current controversies surrounding&#13;
globally networked enterprises such as Facebook. In their edited collection, George and Paul&#13;
as editors allow a balanced view on both the threats and opportunities that the digital&#13;
transformation of business and society create.&#13;
The book comprises 16 chapters, contributed by some seasoned and some early-career&#13;
scholars. In an introductory chapter, Babu George, the principal editor, incisively sketches&#13;
a comprehensive picture for understanding the issues and problems with regard to the&#13;
digital revolution. As he observes: ‘we have some evidence to support the claim that the&#13;
digital revolution has helped us improve not just our business enterprises but our overall&#13;
standard of living as a community of people, around the world’ (2).&#13;
In chapter 2, Maria Lai-Ling Lam and Kei-Wing Wong explore the human flourishing in&#13;
smart cities by focusing on the characteristics and relevant issues of two of Asia’s foremost&#13;
‘smart cities’: Singapore and Songdo, in the Republic in Korea. The study generates the&#13;
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the cities attached huge amount of China-sourced inward financial investments and tourists.&#13;
Both cities are framed as a smart city with all computerized accessible buildings and electrical&#13;
sensors. They are managed through a centralized operating system that combines data&#13;
analytics, big data, and urban informatics. Second, the standard of living in both cities is –&#13;
by national and international comparisons – relatively high. However, the authors highlight&#13;
some notable human and environmental concerns. For instance, Singapore’s smart city&#13;
development plan was publicly criticized for its ‘lack of citizen’s participation’ (22).&#13;
A process of so-called ‘McDonaldization’ continues and, therefore, citizens are treated as&#13;
consumers and entrepreneurs in these smart cities</text>
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                <text>While digitization is far from a new concept, many assume that simply introducing automation and information systems in various forms will be enough to make their organization's operations more efficient. This misconception can often lead to disarray and costly mistakes. Digital Transformation: Understanding Business Goals, Risks, Processes, and Decisions shows how to avoid such issues via careful consideration of what an enterprise really needs.&#13;
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