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                <text>Africa's quest to achieving improved health status and meeting the Millennium Development Goals targets cannot be effectively achieved without examining the quality of leadership, transitions and regimes and how they impact on the decisions and the policy effectiveness that bring about improved health and living standards of the citizenry. In this paper, we study the importance of leader characteristics and regime transitions on government's expenditure in health, and hence on infant mortality, as a development indicator. A unique dataset comprising 44 sub-Saharan African countries spanning from 1970 to 2010 was used for the study. To effectively analyze the impact of leader characteristics and regime transitions on the citizens' health status we control for leader fixed-effects since different leaders, among other things impact on outcomes differently and changes in policy to a large extent depend on the leader characteristics. The overall results are suggestive of a democratic advantage in the process of achieving effective health policy outcomes for promoting health and the wellbeing of the citizens in contemporary sub-Saharan Africa, at least in the long run. Whilst there is evidence of more private and public investments in the health sector under democratic leadership, Government's health policy is virtually non-existent under dictatorships and public sector investment in the health sector is on the decadence.</text>
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                <text>Ning Wu, Jingyi Zhao, Mohammed Musah, Zhiqiang Ma, Lijuan Zhang, Yutong Zhou, Yongzheng Su, Joseph Kwasi Agyemang, Juliana Anyei Asiamah, Siqi Cao, Linnan Yao, Kaodui Li</text>
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                <text>This study examined the connection between liquidity, capital structure, and the financial sustainability of 28 quoted non-financial establishments in Ghana. Panel data for the period from 2008 to 2019 was used for the analysis. In the study, liquidity was proxied by the current ratio, while the debt ratio was used as a surrogate of capital structure. Additionally, return on equity (ROE) was employed as a measure of sustainability. This indicator was used because of its flexibility as it can be applied to any line of business or product. From the results, the studied panel was cross-sectionally independent. Furthermore, the series were first differenced stationary and cointegrated in the long-run. The elasticities of the predictors were determined through the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator, and from the results, liquidity proxied by the current ratio improved the entities’ financial sustainability. In addition, capital structure surrogated by the debt ratio promoted the financial sustainability of the establishments. Moreover, the interaction between capital structure and liquidity advanced the corporates’ financial sustainability. Size, growth, and operational efficiency were significantly positive determinants of the sustainability of firms, but asset tangibility had a trivial effect on the entities’ sustainability. On the causal relations among the variables, there was a bilateral connection amidst current ratio and return on equity; between cash flow ratio and return on equity; between debt ratio and return on equity; between size and return on equity; between operational efficiency and return on equity. Additionally, a single-headed causality moving from growth to …</text>
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                <text>In the context of volatilities in the international situations in recent times, studies regarding the complexities of oil price fluctuations have focussed on analysing the special fluctuation characteristics of oil prices in different historical perspectives. This study examines the extent to which petroleum price fluctuations under the petroleum price deregulation regime impact on business cycles in Ghana. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly data spanning from the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our empirical results show that price stability impacts positively on economic growth, both in the short and the long run, while foreign direct investment also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Our findings are consistent with theory and empirical studies and contributes immensely to the discussions about price asymmetry and business cycles. Again, offers a nuanced perspective on how policy makers can enact policies that ensures efficient and effective deregulation and price stability.</text>
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                <text>In the context of volatilities in the international situations in recent times, studies regarding the complexities of oil price fluctuations have focussed on analysing the special fluctuation characteristics of oil prices in different historical perspectives. This study examines the extent to which petroleum price fluctuations under the petroleum price deregulation regime impact on business cycles in Ghana. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly data spanning from the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our empirical results show that price stability impacts positively on economic growth, both in the short and the long run, while foreign direct investment also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Our findings are consistent with theory and empirical studies and contributes immensely to the discussions about price asymmetry and business cycles. Again, offers a nuanced perspective on how policy makers can enact policies that ensures efficient and effective deregulation and price stability.</text>
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                <text>In the context of volatilities in the international markets in recent times, studies regarding the complexities of oil price fluctuations have focussed on analysing the special fluctuation characteristics of oil prices in different historical perspectives. This study examines the extent to which petroleum price fluctuations under the petroleum price deregulation regime impact on business cycles in Ghana. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly data spanning from the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our empirical results show that price stability impacts positively on economic growth, both in the short and the long run, while foreign direct investment also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Again, we observe that increases in inflation rate and government petroleum revenue negatively affect economic growth both in the short and the long run. To the …</text>
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                <text>In the context of volatilities in the international markets in recent times, studies regarding the complexities of oil price fluctuations have focussed on analysing the special fluctuation characteristics of oil prices in different historical perspectives. This study examines the extent to which petroleum price fluctuations under the petroleum price deregulation regime impact on business cycles in Ghana. The study uses the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a quarterly data spanning from the first quarter of 2005 to the fourth quarter of 2022. Our empirical results show that price stability impacts positively on economic growth, both in the short and the long run, while foreign direct investment also has a positive effect on economic growth in the short run. Again, we observe that increases in inflation rate and government petroleum revenue negatively affect economic growth both in the short and the long run. To the best of the authors’ belief and knowledge, the observations and recommendations made are consistent with theory and empirical studies and contribute immensely to the discussions about price asymmetry and business cycles. It also offers a nuanced perspective on how policy makers can enact policies that ensure efficient and effective deregulation and price stability.</text>
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                <text>Africa’s quest to achieving improved health status and meeting the Millennium Development Goals targets cannot be effectively achieved without examining the quality of leadership, transitions and regimes and how they impact on the decisions and the policy effectiveness that bring about improved health and living standards of the citizenry. In this paper, we study the importance of regime transitions on government’s expenditure in health and on infant mortality, as a development indicator. A unique panel dataset comprising 44 sub-Saharan African countries spanning from 1970 t0 2010 containing information on political regime and leaders was used for the study. To account for the relevance of leader characteristics in regime transitions in our study we control for leader fixed-effects. The overall results are suggestive of a democratic advantage in the process of achieving effective health policy outcomes for promoting health, and hence the wellbeing of the citizens in contemporary sub-Saharan Africa in the long run. Keywords: Africa, health policy, public health, private health, child mortality, democracy, autocracy, political leaders. JEL Codes: I15, H51, O55</text>
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                <text>Do Trade Openness and Domestic Credit to the Private Sector Stimulate Economic Growth in Ghana A Bound Test Approach</text>
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                <text>The study examined the impact of trade openness and domestic credit to the private sector (DCP) on the growth of the Ghanaian economy. The study therefore examined the extent to which trade openness and domestic credit to the private sector impact GDP growth with other covariates such as inflation, exchange rate and foreign direct investments both in the short and the long run. Data was gleaned from the World Bank database spanning from 1970 to 2021. The study adopted the bound test approach using the autoregressive distributed lag estimation. Our results showed that trade openness has a positive relationship with economic growth both in the short and the long run while no such significant relationship was observed for domestic credit to the private sector. Again, we observed a positive relationship between inflation and GDP growth at least, in the short run. The study recommends policies that will …</text>
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                <text>The study examined the impact of trade openness and domestic credit to the private sector (DCP) on the growth of the Ghanaian economy. The study therefore examined the extent to which trade openness and domestic credit to the private sector impact GDP growth with other covariates such as inflation, exchange rate and foreign direct investments both in the short and the long run. Data was gleaned from the World Bank database spanning from 1970 to 2021. The study adopted the bound test approach using the autoregressive distributed lag estimation. Our results showed that trade openness has a positive relationship with economic growth both in the short and the long run while no such significant relationship was observed for domestic credit to the private sector. Again, we observed a positive relationship between inflation and GDP growth at least, in the short run. The study recommends policies that will …</text>
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                <text>Does human capital development impact nonrenewable energy use? Evidence from a developing economy</text>
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                <text>The dilemma surrounding the use of fossil fuels has led to demands for renewable energy and other clean energy sources. Renewable energy sources are not only unlimited but also have less negative impact on the environment and promote energy independence. The study uses the recent redesign of education in Ghana to assess how improved access to education can impact nonrenewable energy consumption. Using annual time-series data from 1976 to 2020, we estimate the long-term impact of human capital development on nonrenewable energy consumption in Ghana. Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR) were used to check the robustness. The results show that the development of human capital (returns on education) reduces the use of nonrenewable energy. In addition, other variables such as …</text>
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