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                <text>Emergency Remote Instruction (ERI) in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Educators at Zimbabwean Higher Education Institutions&#13;
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                <text>Robert Ebo Hinson</text>
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                <text>As part of COVID-19 containment measures, the World Health Organization&#13;
(WHO) declared the rapidly spreading disease to be a pandemic on 11 March&#13;
2020, (WHO, 2020), leading to most countries in Africa declaring a state of&#13;
emergency. Zimbabwe, in particular, declared a state of emergency on 17&#13;
March 2020 and resultantly, higher education and tertiary institutions were&#13;
to close operation by 24 March 2020. Universities, college campuses, and&#13;
higher education institutions cancelled classes and closed their doors following government directives that aimed to contain the COVID-19 pandemic&#13;
(Hodge, 2020). Furthermore, a number of universities worldwide shifted to&#13;
online virtual learning, cancelled the spring break period, and advised international students to return to their home countries. While everyone has been&#13;
afected by COVID-19, research and experience have shown that of all the&#13;
sectors of society, including the education sector, particularly at the tertiary&#13;
level, appear to have been most greatly afected and, therefore, require a more&#13;
pragmatic approach to resolution (Anifowoshe et al., 2020).&#13;
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                <text>The saga of the returnee: Exploring the implication of involuntary return migration, for development. A case study of the reintegration process for Ghanaian migrant workers …</text>
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                <text>Esi Akyere Mensah</text>
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                <text>This thesis presents findings from a study that investigated the reintegration experiences of the returned Ghanaian migrants from Libya. The study, which was conducted in four communities employed qualitative methods to uncover the many complexities of involuntary return and its implications for development in southern countries; an under-researched area in the migration-return nexus. The findings highlight the effect of the sudden loss of remittances on family expenditure, especially the education of children, and reveal the coping strategies adopted by returnees in the absence of formal reintegration assistance. Successful reintegration has not occurred for the majority of returnees who are being induced by unfavorable economic circumstances and the absence of reintegration assistance to re-emigrate. The absence of an explicit migration policy has led to the neglect of returnees and caused the nation to miss the potential benefits of return migration for development.</text>
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                <text>Dark diaspora tourism: Experiences and meanings in liminal spaces</text>
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                <text>Felix Elvis Otoo, Esi Akyere Mensah</text>
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                <text>Few tourism sites possess the combined attributes of dark tourism and diaspora tourism, and journeys to these liminal spaces can unearth complex and nuanced emotions. While previous studies have added knowledge to the experiences of diaspora tourists, little is known about the liminal experiences at dark diaspora tourism sites. While most studies attempt to explore the experiences of tourists to destinations, there is neoteric interest in understanding the hermeneutics of these experiences by offering insights into the contextual interpretation of events. To investigate these, we integrate liminality and stimulus organism theories within a framework of interpretive phenomenology methodology. Forty interviews were conducted with dark diaspora tourists. The study revealed minor and major themes including enlightenment, visceral conflicts, identity dilemmas, and renegotiation of diasporic experiences. Ultimately, it …</text>
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                <text>2023</text>
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                <text>Household characteristics and waste generation paradox: what influences solid waste generation in Bolgatanga?</text>
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                <text>Pawin Joseph Sachi, Esi Akyere Mensah</text>
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                <text>Municipal solid waste is recognised as an obnoxious local development challenge in many developing countries. The continuous struggle to ensure sustainable waste management in Ghana is a challenge of inadequate data on waste generation and the factors influencing generation. It is in this light that this paper examines waste generation rate and the influence of household socio-economic characteristics on waste generation in Bolgatanga, an urban city in Northern Ghana. The study utilised a regression technique based on ordinary least squares approach to empirically test the relationship between household variables and waste generation. The findings indicate; education, household size and fuel sources are significant but differently influenced waste generation. For effective waste management, the paper suggests a priority focus be given to education and recommends for future studies further analysis of …</text>
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                <text>Will their absence make a difference? The role of local volunteer NGOs in home-stay intermediation in Ghana’s Garden City</text>
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                <text>Esi Akyere Mensah, Elizabeth Agyeiwaah, Alexandru O Dimache</text>
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                <text>Purpose&#13;
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in home-stay arrangements in Ghana’s cultural city, Kumasi, and further assess NGO intermediation of home-stay from home-stay operators’ and international volunteer tourists’ perspectives.&#13;
Design/methodology/approach&#13;
A mixture of quantitative and qualitative approaches is used to target three main stakeholders of volunteer tourism including international volunteer tourists, home-stay operators, and local NGOs.&#13;
Findings&#13;
There are seven major roles played by volunteer NGOs in the home-stay arrangement. However, from operators’ perspective, NGOs may hinder the economic viability of home-stay through inadequate/low payment.&#13;
Originality/value&#13;
The study highlights the unexplored brokerage role of NGOs in volunteer tourism in home-stay intermediation and its implications for sustainable tourism.</text>
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                <text>Emerald Publishing Limited</text>
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                <text>The role of global south volunteer NGOS in home-stay arrangements in Ghana: the parallel of Simmel’s mediator hypothesis?</text>
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                <text>Elizabeth Agyeiwaah, Esi Akyere Mensah</text>
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                <text>Results&#13;
The results of the study revealed roles that could be broadly grouped into coordinator, conciliator, and marketer/promoter (Figure 1). The coordination roles basically are geared towards ensuring that guests are placed in appropriate homestay accommodation facilities and are taken care of by their respective host families:</text>
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                <text>Re-conceptualizing volunteer tourism organizations roles: A host perspective</text>
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                <text>While volunteer tourism organizations (VTOs) remain important intermediaries in the practice of volunteer tourism, questions remain on the role they play in serving the interests of host communities. This paper explores the role(s) of VTOs in a rural volunteer tourism hub in Ghana from a host community perspective using a phenomenological inquiry. An integrated framework of Critical/Institutional Analysis and Development (C/IAD) was used to examine host community experience with VTOs' role. Data was collected through focus group discussion and in-depth interviews with 43 residents of Asebu - Ghana. The study revealed that while VTOs act as facilitators and interpreters of local culture, issues of over-regulation and protectionism isolate guests from the host as well as rob some host of any meaningful socio-economic benefits and interactions.</text>
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                <text>Involuntary return migration and reintegration. The case of Ghanaian migrant workers from Libya</text>
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                <text>Esi Akyere Mensah</text>
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                <text>This paper presents findings from a study that investigated the experiences of the returning Ghanaian migrants from Libya during the Arab Spring of 2011. The study used qualitative methods to explore involuntary return and reintegration of migrants in a south–south migration framework. Information from semi-structured interviews of migrants from selected communities in Ghana in addition to data from the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the National Disaster Management Organisation (NADMO) were used. The objective of the study was to find out the major difficulties returnees faced in reintegrating into their societies of origin as a result of their hasty departure and to assert the factors that may influence reintegration. The study finds that the combination factors including of high levels of family dependence on returnees, weak governance and the absence of reintegration policies may …</text>
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                <text>Conceptualizing post-COVID 19 tourism recovery: A three-step framework</text>
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                <text>Esi Akyere Mensah, Kwaku Adutwum Boakye</text>
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                <text>The hospitality, travel, tourism, and events industry remains one of the hardest-hit casualties of the COVID-19 pandemic. This conceptual paper examines responses to COVID-19 by the government of Ghana and its implication for tourism businesses. It discusses weaknesses exposed, and lessons learned by practitioners because of COVID-19. The paper discusses the lack of a centralized database, lack of insurance, and insufficient financial reserves which have left the industry vulnerable in the wake of the pandemic. Based on these, the paper proposes that the Ghanaian tourism industry be sustained by the use of digitalization, social media, and a revived domestic tourism industry. The paper recommends a three-step recovery model based on the reinvention of domestic tourism and concludes by highlighting the possible transformation of the industry as well as the need for a concerted, all-encompassing effort …</text>
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                <text>THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF GHANA COCOBOD AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMET OF GHANA</text>
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                <text>Emmanuel Attah Kumah, Shabana Mazhar, Miss Aboagyewaa Patience, Godfred Oppong Kesse</text>
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                <text>The Government of Ghana stresses the need for diversifying the nation's economic structure so emphasizes on the important role of the cocoa sector was made and a target of achieving one million metric tons of cocoa output by 2010 (NDPC 2006; IITA 2007). We find that increasing cocoa production by around 60,000 tons per annum is needed to support Ghana reaching its middle-income country target. This research includes the analysis of various capital structure of Ghana Cocoa Board and its ability to finance its working capital. The analysis is carried out with the help of SPSS Software. A sample size of 25 was used for the research and both primary and secondary data were also used. After the research, the following are some of the findings; the main sources of funds available to Ghana Cocobod are sales from exported cocoa dry beans, shares and debentures.</text>
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