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                <text>Citizens' expectations for efficiency from public servants have caused governments to evaluate employee performance at the public sector. This study sought to establish how behavioural factors influence the implementation and institutionalisation of performance management systems in the public sector. Scholars of performance managements' attribute the neglect of the behavioural aspect of PM as a major factor to the difficulty of its institutionalisation (Dodoo, 1996; Nkrumah, 1991; Ohemeng, 2009, 2011). The qualitative approach was adopted using in-depth interviews in selected ministries in the public service of Ghana. The study found that a successful institutionalisation of PM in Ghana will require giving prominence to behavioural factors such as perception, work attitudes, management interactions and commitments. We conclude that, successful PM in the Ghanaian civil service, requires a shift from the …</text>
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                <text>While community-based natural resource management appears common in Africa, management innovation (MI) in community-based tourism (CBT) on the continent has received limited attention. This chapter contributes to the innovative management of CBT promoted through recruiting actors that might seem remote ordinarily in tourism governance. We noted complexities in managing CBTs with multi-actors and diverse interests. Using actor network theory (ANT) and MI, we argue that CBT can be managed innovatively by recruiting diverse transnational, national and local actors, institutions, and discourses. It entails a complex and interactive engagement with actors that help in marketing, promoting, and tourism infrastructure development. MI in CBT is analysed within a network perspective of enrolling actors into a tourism system to pursue communal and corporate agenda. And lessons from CBTs in Ghana and South Africa highlight that (un)successful CBT is contingent on effective recruiting and enrolling of actors to promote resilient and inclusive tourism.</text>
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                <text>This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part&#13;
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recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or&#13;
information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar&#13;
methodology now known or hereafter developed.&#13;
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                <text>This book chapter explores the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems in emerging markets, with a specific focus on the Quadruple Helix Model. The Quadruple Helix Model emphasizes collaboration and interaction among four key actors: academia, government, industry, and civil society, to foster innovation and entrepreneurship. The chapter provides an overview of the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystems and their significance in driving economic growth and societal development in emerging markets. The chapter discusses the expected roles and contributions of academia, government, industry, and civil society in building and nurturing entrepreneurial ecosystems. The chapter concludes by highlighting the importance of a holistic and collaborative approach to creating vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems that support innovation and growth and success of startups and entrepreneurs.</text>
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                <text>The stakeholder engagement and innovation literature has received considerable academic attention. However, the subject of stakeholder legitimacy perceptions which impact the willingness and ability of stakeholders to engage with entrepreneurial ventures have not been fully explored in the entrepreneurship literature. This research fills the knowledge gap by reviewing literature on venture legitimacy, firm innovation, and stakeholders. Accordingly, the study discusses the perception of five stakeholder groups on firm legitimacy and suggests how they impact innovation in developing economies. At the end of the chapter, we highlight the critical issues of legitimacy perceptions, innovation, and stakeholders and point out potential avenues for further research.</text>
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                <text>The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic posed a big obstacle for nations as it affected the anticipated cash flows from the tourism and hospitality industry. Many tourist destinations have suffered as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis. Tourism and hospitality have been major source of revenue, and nations depend on them to augment their budgetary issues and support the provision of basic public services. Ethical tourism, responsible tourism, social justice, and sustainable tourism promise to be effective tools to execute this reputation agenda, which scholars have ignored. This paper proposes a conceptual framework that shows the effect of sustainability actions and justice on stakeholders in the tourism and hospitality industries, presently and for future generations. An in-depth literature review was employed using papers on sustainability actions. Using Scopus-indexed journals, 88 articles from …</text>
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                <text>Leadership and Employee Performance in the Ghanaian Public Sector: A Humanistic Perspective</text>
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                <text>Leadership is seen as an imperative stimulus for the effective functioning of employees, be they in the public or private sectors. Humanistic leadership has to do with leadership that the acceptance of humanistic ideals by leaders will result in a shared common spirit, uniting the leaders and their employees which in turn will drive employee performance. Using the Ghana public service as a case, where the performance is considered unacceptable, the study attempts to answer the question: in what ways can leaders utilise the humanistic leadership style to facilitate employees’ performance in the public services in developing countries? We contend that leadership that focuses on respecting people, striving to pursue the common good, and going beyond the “boss-subordinate” model of power and influence, will lead to employees reciprocating which in turn will stimulate employee performance. A desk research …</text>
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                <text>The Current State of Performance-Based Budgeting and Its Impact on Public Budgeting in Ghana: Views from Budget Officers</text>
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                <text>The original aim of PB, in the United States, as well as in other countries that adopted this innovation, was to purge budgeting of its line-item focus on the cost of inputs and to base spending decisions on the work to be performed. It bears remembering that most OECD countries once had highly itemized budgets, with expenditures structured into detailed classifications of personnel, supplies, travel, equipment and other goods and services purchased by governments. In some countries, national budgets were long shopping lists, bereft of explanations of what the items would be used for; in others, the budget had narrative descriptions of government activities, but little explanation of what they were expected to accomplish (5).</text>
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                <text>The Changing Face of Policy Development in a Democratic Developmental State: The Role of Think Tanks and Policy Advocacy in Ghana</text>
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                <text>The movement in Ghana since the early 1990s from an authoritarian environment to a democratic one has seen the rise of civil society groups jostling for space in the policy development process and in governance (Abdulai and Quantson, 2009; Antwi-Boasiako, 2019; Hughes, 2005).</text>
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                <text>Psychological Contract Breach, Stress and Employee Engagement During and After COVID-19: The Role of Inclusive Leadership</text>
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                <text>Objective–This study extends both Social Exchange Theory and the Job Demands–Resources model by examining the connection between psychological contract breach, job stress and employee engagement in relation to the role inclusive leadership plays.&#13;
Methodology–Using a quantitative approach, data was gathered from two hundred and two (202) respondents, selected using convenience sampling technique. Data gathered was analysed using SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS 4. Findings–Results showed that Job Stress had a negative statistically significant impact on Inclusive Leadership Employee Engagement, Innovative Output and Turnover Intent. Inclusive Leadership Psychological Contract Breach had a positive significant relationship with Innovative Output but a negative relationship with Job Stress. The study also found out that Job Stress mediates the relationship between Inclusive Leadership Psychological Contract Breach and Inclusive Leadership Employee Engagement.&#13;
Novelty–The study contributes to clarifying and extend the social exchange theory (SET) by unravelling how the inclusive leader operates on respect, recognition, responsiveness and responsibility, in the reciprocal relationship between himself and their subordinates. Additionally, the study identifies the relationship between psychological contract breach, job stress and employee engagement in a developing country after the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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